Opioids such as heroin can slow breathing and stop it. An overdose is a medical emergency, and quick action saves lives. If you or someone you know uses opioids, learn these signs.
Warning signs
- Cannot be woken, or does not respond to shouting or a firm rub on the breastbone
- Very slow, shallow or stopped breathing; snoring or gurgling sounds
- Blue or grey lips and fingertips
- Very small (pinpoint) pupils
- Limp body, cold and clammy skin
What to do
- Call 112, or 108 for an ambulance, immediately. Do not wait to see if it passes.
- Try to wake them by shouting and a firm rub on the breastbone.
- If they are not breathing normally and you know how, give rescue breaths or CPR.
- Give naloxone if you have it. It is an emergency antidote for opioid overdose. Call for help even if it works, because its effect can wear off. Ask a doctor whether and how you can keep it.
- If they are breathing but unresponsive, place them on their side and stay until help arrives.
What not to do
- Do not leave the person alone or let them “sleep it off”
- Do not put them in a cold bath, slap them hard or make them vomit
- Do not give food, drink or any other drug
- Do not give more alcohol or sedatives
Who is most at risk
People who recently stopped using or left treatment (their tolerance has dropped), those who mix opioids with alcohol or sedatives, who use alone, or who use unknown or stronger supplies.
Prevention
Treatment and follow-up care greatly reduce the risk. Families can ask a doctor about naloxone and an emergency plan. Read about treatment options or call 9322232222.